Handle different start and end times of components

Currently, the scheduler prescribes the simulation time frame. However, it is not ensured that all modules can run up to the desired time. Further, modules are allowed to internally set their status to FINISHED, which is currently not respected by the scheduler.

The scheduler should respect the FINISHED state of components and exclude them from updates.

Time-dependent adapters (interpolation etc.) should also handle out-of-range values (e.g. requests for a time after the last received inputs). This could be done by a constructor argument extrapolation, wich could take values like LINEAR or CONSTANT, or None to raise an exception on an out-of-range request.

Similar issues may arise for different model starting times.